Effectiveness of real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in pathological samples: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Effectiveness of real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in pathological samples: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Fast and accurate diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) is the key to managing the disease and to control and prevent transmission. Many established diagnostic methods suffer from low sensitivity or delays in timely results and inadequate for the rapid detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in a clinical sample of pulmonary and extra-pulmonary. This study examines whether the real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay, with a turn-a-round 2 hours, will prove effective for routine detection of MTB by clinical microbiology laboratories.


A systematic literature search conducted for publication in any language on the detection of MTB in pathological samples by RT-PCR assay. The following resources were used MEDLINE via PubMed, EMBASE, BIOSIS Citation Index, Web of Science, SCOPUS, ISI Web of Knowledge and the Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group Special Register, gray literature, the World Health Organization and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website. Forty-six studies met the inclusion criteria set. Summary estimate generated is collected (95% CI) were calculated for overall accuracy and meta-regression models used for bivariate meta-analysis.

Summary estimates for pulmonary TB (31 studies) were as follows: sensitivity of 0.82 (95% CI 0.81 to 0.83), specificity of 0.99 (95% CI 0.99 to 0.99), positive likelihood ratio 43.00 (28.23 to 64.81), negative likelihood ratio of 0.16 (0.12 to 0.20), the diagnostic possibilities ratio 324.26 (95% CI 189.08 to 556.09) and region under the curve 0.99. Summary estimates for extra-pulmonary TB (25 studies) were as follows: sensitivity of 0.70 (95% CI 0.67 to 0.72), specificity of 0.99 (95% CI 0.99 to 0.99), the ratio positive possibilities 29.82 (17.86 to 49.78), negative likelihood ratio of 0.33 (0.26 to 0.42), the diagnostic possibilities ratio 125.20 (95% CI 65.75 to 238.36) and area under the curve of 0.96.


RT-PCR assay showed a high degree of sensitivity for pulmonary tuberculosis and a good sensitivity for extra-pulmonary TB. It shows a high degree of specificity for TB infection of the regime in power samples. This is acceptable, but probably better as a rule out add-on diagnostic tests. RT-PCR test showed a high degree of sensitivity in both lung samples and TB detection rate is an important factor in achieving an effective global control and management of patients in terms of starting early and appropriate anti-tuberculosis therapy.

Effectiveness of real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in pathological samples: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Effectiveness of real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in pathological samples: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Ammonia oxidation is rate-limiting and the middle step in the global biogeochemical cycle of nitrogen. A bibliometric analysis is based on 4314 articles extracted from the Science Citation Index Expanded database conducted to provide insight into the performance of publications and research trends of the oxidation of ammonia in the period 1991-2014. The article comes from a variety of journals and 95 602 Web of Science Categories, including Environmental Science Applied and Environmental Microbiology and take the leading position, respectively. Furthermore, the co-citation analysis is done with the help of software CiteSpace clearly illustrated that the ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA), and anaerobic ammonia oxidation (Anammox) three dominant research themes.

A total of 15 landmark works identified by co-citation frequency highest in every 8-year-extracted, which indicates that the establishment of a culture-independent molecular biotechnology and discovery Anammox and AOA plays the most important role in promoting the study of evolution and development of the oxidation of ammonia. Finally, the word cluster analysis further showed that the abundance of microbial communities AOA and AOB is the most prominent hotspot, with soil and high-throughput sequencing as the most promising ecosystem and molecular biotechnology.

Human VWDE siRNA

abx939622-150g 150 µg
EUR 450

Human VWDE siRNA

abx939622-300g 300 µg
EUR 612.5

VWDE (untagged)-Human von Willebrand factor D and EGF domains (VWDE)

SC326391 10 µg Ask for price

Human VWDE ELISA KIT

ELI-15024h 96 Tests
EUR 988.8

Mouse Vwde ELISA KIT

ELI-51427m 96 Tests
EUR 1038

VWDE (GFP-tagged) - Human von Willebrand factor D and EGF domains (VWDE)

RG227239 10 µg Ask for price

Mouse VWDE shRNA Plasmid

20-abx981982
  • Ask for price
  • Ask for price
  • 150 µg
  • 300 µg

Human VWDE shRNA Plasmid

20-abx966537
  • Ask for price
  • Ask for price
  • 150 µg
  • 300 µg

Vwde (untagged) - Mouse von Willebrand factor D and EGF domains (Vwde), (10ug)

MC222666 10 µg Ask for price

Vwde (GFP-tagged) - Mouse von Willebrand factor D and EGF domains (Vwde), (10ug)

MG221132 10 µg Ask for price

Vwde (Myc-DDK-tagged) - Mouse von Willebrand factor D and EGF domains (Vwde)

MR221132 10 µg Ask for price

VWDE (Myc-DDK-tagged)-Human von Willebrand factor D and EGF domains (VWDE)

RC227239 10 µg Ask for price

VWDE ORF Vector (Human) (pORF)

ORF035848 1.0 ug DNA
EUR 486

Vwde ORF Vector (Mouse) (pORF)

ORF061695 1.0 ug DNA
EUR 607.2

Human VWDE knockout cell line

ABC-KH16868 1 vial Ask for price
Description: Human VWDE knockout cell line is HEK293/HeLa cell line, edited by CRISPR/Cas9 technology.

Human VWDE knockdown cell line

ABC-KD16868 1 vial Ask for price
Description: Human VWDE knockdown cell line is engineered by our optimized transduction of the specific shRNA with lentivirus. Knockdown levels are determined via qRT-PCR. Gentaur offers generation of stable knockdown (RNAi) cell lines expressing shRNAs targeting genes of your interest.

Human VWDE Protein Lysate 20ug

IHUVWDEPLLY20UG each
EUR 361
Description: Human VWDE Protein Lysate 20ug

OCOA18934-20UG - VWDE Protein Lysate

OCOA18934-20UG 20ug
EUR 269

Lenti ORF clone of Vwde (mGFP-tagged) - Mouse von Willebrand factor D and EGF domains (Vwde)

MR221132L4 10 µg Ask for price

Lenti ORF clone of Vwde (Myc-DDK-tagged) - Mouse von Willebrand factor D and EGF domains (Vwde)

MR221132L3 10 µg Ask for price

Vwde 3'UTR GFP Stable Cell Line

TU172177 1.0 ml Ask for price

Vwde 3'UTR GFP Stable Cell Line

TU273297 1.0 ml Ask for price

VWDE 3'UTR GFP Stable Cell Line

TU078348 1.0 ml
EUR 2799.6

Lenti ORF particles, Vwde (GFP-tagged) - Mouse von Willebrand factor D and EGF domains (Vwde), 200ul, >10^7 TU/mL

MR221132L4V 200 µl Ask for price

Vwde sgRNA CRISPR Lentivector set (Mouse)

K3190101 3 x 1.0 ug
EUR 406.8

VWDE sgRNA CRISPR Lentivector set (Human)

K2624001 3 x 1.0 ug
EUR 406.8

Lenti ORF particles, VWDE (mGFP-tagged) - Human von Willebrand factor D and EGF domains (VWDE), 200ul, >10^7 TU/mL

RC227239L4V 200 µl Ask for price

Lenti ORF particles, VWDE (Myc-DDK tagged) - Human von Willebrand factor D and EGF domains (VWDE), 200ul, >10^7 TU/mL

RC227239L3V 200 µl Ask for price

Lenti ORF particles, Vwde (Myc-DDK-tagged) - Mouse von Willebrand factor D and EGF domains (Vwde), 200ul, >10^7 TU/mL

MR221132L3V 200 µl Ask for price

VWDE Protein Vector (Human) (pPM-C-HA)

PV143392 500 ng
EUR 973.2

VWDE Protein Vector (Mouse) (pPM-C-HA)

PV246780 500 ng
EUR 1278

VWDE Protein Vector (Human) (pPB-C-His)

PV143390 500 ng
EUR 973.2

VWDE Protein Vector (Human) (pPB-N-His)

PV143391 500 ng
EUR 973.2

VWDE Protein Vector (Human) (pPM-C-His)

PV143393 500 ng
EUR 973.2

VWDE Protein Vector (Mouse) (pPB-C-His)

PV246778 500 ng
EUR 1278

VWDE Protein Vector (Mouse) (pPB-N-His)

PV246779 500 ng
EUR 1278

VWDE Protein Vector (Mouse) (pPM-C-His)

PV246781 500 ng
EUR 1278

VWDE 3'UTR Luciferase Stable Cell Line

TU028348 1.0 ml
EUR 2799.6

Vwde 3'UTR Luciferase Stable Cell Line

TU223297 1.0 ml Ask for price

Vwde 3'UTR Luciferase Stable Cell Line

TU122177 1.0 ml Ask for price

Vwde sgRNA CRISPR Lentivector (Mouse) (Target 1)

K3190102 1.0 ug DNA
EUR 184.8

Vwde sgRNA CRISPR Lentivector (Mouse) (Target 2)

K3190103 1.0 ug DNA
EUR 184.8

Vwde sgRNA CRISPR Lentivector (Mouse) (Target 3)

K3190104 1.0 ug DNA
EUR 184.8

VWDE sgRNA CRISPR Lentivector (Human) (Target 1)

K2624002 1.0 ug DNA
EUR 184.8

VWDE sgRNA CRISPR Lentivector (Human) (Target 2)

K2624003 1.0 ug DNA
EUR 184.8

VWDE sgRNA CRISPR Lentivector (Human) (Target 3)

K2624004 1.0 ug DNA
EUR 184.8

Vwde (Mouse) - 3 unique 27mer siRNA duplexes - 2 nmol each

SR421244 2 nmol Ask for price

VWDE (Human) - 3 unique 27mer siRNA duplexes - 2 nmol each

SR316638 2 nmol Ask for price

Vwde sgRNA CRISPR/Cas9 All-in-One Lentivector set (Mouse)

K3190105 3 x 1.0 ug
EUR 451.2

VWDE sgRNA CRISPR/Cas9 All-in-One Lentivector set (Human)

K2624005 3 x 1.0 ug
EUR 451.2

Vwde sgRNA CRISPR/Cas9 All-in-One Lentivector (Mouse) (Target 1)

K3190106 1.0 ug DNA
EUR 200.4

Vwde sgRNA CRISPR/Cas9 All-in-One Lentivector (Mouse) (Target 2)

K3190107 1.0 ug DNA
EUR 200.4

Vwde sgRNA CRISPR/Cas9 All-in-One Lentivector (Mouse) (Target 3)

K3190108 1.0 ug DNA
EUR 200.4

VWDE sgRNA CRISPR/Cas9 All-in-One Lentivector (Human) (Target 1)

K2624006 1.0 ug DNA
EUR 200.4

VWDE sgRNA CRISPR/Cas9 All-in-One Lentivector (Human) (Target 2)

K2624007 1.0 ug DNA
EUR 200.4

VWDE sgRNA CRISPR/Cas9 All-in-One Lentivector (Human) (Target 3)

K2624008 1.0 ug DNA
EUR 200.4

VWDE - Human, 4 unique 29mer shRNA constructs in lentiviral GFP vector

TL321264 5 µg/vial Ask for price

Vwde - Mouse, 4 unique 29mer shRNA constructs in lentiviral GFP vector

TL506994 5 µg/vial Ask for price

Vwde - Mouse, 4 unique 29mer shRNA constructs in retroviral untagged vector

TR506994 5 µg/vial Ask for price

VWDE - Human, 4 unique 29mer shRNA constructs in retroviral untagged vector

TR321264 5 µg/vial Ask for price

Human von Willebrand factor D and EGF domain-containing protein (VWDE) ELISA Kit

abx553279-96tests 96 tests
EUR 687.5

Mouse von Willebrand factor D and EGF domain-containing protein (VWDE) ELISA Kit

abx553280-96tests 96 tests
EUR 687.5

Lenti ORF clone of Human von Willebrand factor D and EGF domains (VWDE), mGFP tagged

RC227239L4 10 µg Ask for price

Lenti ORF clone of Human von Willebrand factor D and EGF domains (VWDE), Myc-DDK-tagged

RC227239L3 10 µg Ask for price

VWDE - Human shRNA lentiviral particles (4 unique 29mer target-specific shRNA, 1 scramble control), 0.5 ml each, >10^7 TU/ml.

TL321264V 500 ul each Ask for price

Vwde - Mouse shRNA lentiviral particles (4 unique 29mer target-specific shRNA, 1 scramble control), 0.5 ml each, >10^7 TU/ml.

TL506994V 500 ul each Ask for price

Dionex VWD 3000 Nano LC Lamp - EACH

LMP2012 EACH
EUR 765.45

Agilent1100 VWD D2 Longlife Lamp - EACH

LMP2002 EACH
EUR 637.2

Leave a Comment

Your email address will not be published.

Scroll to Top